3 Results of the Invention, Colorectal Cancer Death Rate Increases in Youth ~ If you are under 50 years of age, you probably have not thought much about getting colorectal cancer. But the evidence shows that you have to start paying attention. A new study from American Cancer Society researchers shows that the death rate for colorectal cancer among adults aged 20 to 54 has increased since the mid-2000s. This is a new trend. In the 1980s and 1990s, the rate of colorectal cancer deaths in this age group has decreased.
The study was published Aug. 8 in the Journal of the American Medical Association. These findings follow a February 2017 study of the same researchers. The study found that young and middle-aged adults were diagnosed with colorectal cancer at an elevated level since the 1980s for the youngest age group (20 to 39 years). The reason for the trend is still unanswered. To give more clues, Rebecca Siegel, MPH, and her colleagues analyzed the cancer mortality rate from 1970 to 2014. Their inclusion into mortality data yielded 3 main findings.
First findings: The death rate for colorectal cancer in adults aged 20 to 54 increased by 1% each year from 2004 to 2014. Prior to that, from the mid-1970s to the 1990s, mortality rates had fallen by almost 2% annually.The details: Some experts look at previous reports on colorectal cancer increase in young age groups as positive news. They believe that increased diagnosis comes from better detection through screening, as with colonoscopy, and not an increased diagnosis of more diseases. The new study reinforces evidence that increased incidence is not the result of screening alone. "Early colorectal cancer findings through screening are not expected to increase mortality rates," Siegel explained. "If the incidence increases only because of early detection, if we can see a decrease in mortality rate, the death rate increases in this age group."
Takeaway: The 5-year survival rate for colorectal cancer when diagnosed at an early stage is 90%, but the diagnosis in young people is often delayed. "People do not think of colorectal cancer in young people," Siegel said. "So patients may delay seeing their doctor's symptoms, such as rectal bleeding or persistent abdominal cramps, and primary care physicians often associate persistent symptoms with more common problems such as hemorrhoids or constipation." The delay allows cancer to grow, thus not found until the cancer is more Large or has spread, at a later stage when the survival rate is Not as high
Younger people and their doctors also need to know and act on screening guidelines for people at high risk for colon or rectal cancers. People who are at high risk for this disease, such as those with first-degree relatives (parent, sister, brother or child) with colon cancer, rectal cancer, or precancerous polyps (called adenomatous polyps) should speak Doctors about starting early screening, before the age of 50 years. The first screening time varies based on medical history and family.
Your health insurance may not include colonoscopy or other tests to screen for cancer if you are under 50 unless you fall into the category of people who need an early checkup. But if you have a colonoscopy to evaluate the symptoms, the test helps your diagnosis and your health insurance will most likely include them, regardless of your age.
Second Invention: The death rate for colorectal cancer among those aged 20 to 54 years has increased in whites by 1.4% annually since 2004. Conversely, mortality rates have declined steadily in blacks for 45 years under study.The details: The difference between races is confusing, says Siegel. "This is different from the main risk factor trends, which are similar in blacks and whites," he said. These risk factors include being overweight or obese, smoking, drinking too much alcohol, and exercising too little. "Although mortality trends are consistent with the incidence rate of cancer, we do not know why the increase in disease in this age group is only in the white population."
Takeaway: Siegel says that race differences in disease trends are surprising because of the similarity of risk factors. "To understand why this happens, more research is needed on the causes of colorectal tumors."
Third Discovery: Death rates also increased among adults in the screening population - people in their early 50s.Details: When Siegel sees a segment aged 20 to 54, he finds that the rate of death from colorectal cancer increases even among the ages of 50 to 54 - those who should be screened for this cancer.
Takeaway: These findings provide an opportunity to highlight that people often delay their first colorectal cancer test, Siegel says. Screening for colorectal cancer should begin at age 50 for people at average risk, according to guidelines from the American Cancer Society, U. Prevention Task Force, and American College of Gastroenterology.
Average risk means you have no personal or family history or other high-risk factors. "By 2015, only 46% of adults ages 50 to 54 are up to date with their screening," Siegel said, "compared with 67% of those 55 and older, according to the National Center for Health Statistics."
It's common to hear people claim that they do not need a colonoscopy because they have no problems with digestion or bowel movements. "There is a need to raise awareness that screening is done for asymptomatic people," Siegel said. "And that's where public health messages and healthcare providers can help."
Plus, many people automatically respond negatively to filtering suggestions, saying, "I do not want to know if anything is wrong," or "I'm afraid of what I'll find." "We need to educate and re-emphasize that screening for colorectal cancer with recommended tests can save lives not only by finding cancer early, when treatment is usually more successful but also by preventing cancer completely by removing precancerous polyps," Siegel said.
"When it's time to update colorectal screening guidelines, this evidence, along with evidence from other recent studies, should be considered, especially since other studies show that it would be more helpful to start screening at age 45 than 50 years," Siegel said.
In subsequent studies, Siegel's team will see an increase in colorectal cancer in people aged under 55 from a different angle to try to learn more about this annoying trend.
Source: www.cancer.org
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